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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisam | om βis |
| 2SG: | βisat | ot βis |
| 3SG: | βiseš | ok/ogeš βis |
| 1PL: | βisə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βis |
| 2PL: | βisə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βis |
| 3PL: | βisə̑t | ogə̑t βis |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisə̑m | šə̑m βis |
| 2SG: | βisə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βis |
| 3SG: | βise | ə̑š βis |
| 1PL: | βisna | ə̑šna βis |
| 2PL: | βisda | ə̑šda βis |
| 3PL: | βisə̑č́ | ə̑št βis |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisə̑nam | βisə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βisə̑nat | βisə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βisə̑n | βisə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βisə̑nna | βisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βisə̑nda | βisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βisə̑nə̑t | βisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisam ə̑l'e | om βis ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisat ə̑l'e | ot βis ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βiseš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βis ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βis ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βis ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βis ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisam ulmaš | om βis ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βisat ulmaš | ot βis ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βiseš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βis ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βisə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βis ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βisə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βis ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βis ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisə̑nam ə̑l'e | βisə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisə̑nat ə̑l'e | βisə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βisə̑n ə̑l'e | βisə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisə̑nna ə̑l'e | βisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisə̑nda ə̑l'e | βisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisə̑nam ulmaš | βisə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βisə̑nat ulmaš | βisə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βisə̑n ulmaš | βisə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βisə̑nna ulmaš | βisə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βisə̑nda ulmaš | βisə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βisə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βis | it βis |
| 3SG: | βisše | ə̑nže βis |
| 1PL: | (βisə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βis) |
| 2PL: | βissa | ida βis |
| 3PL: | βisə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βis |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisnem | ə̑nem βis |
| 2SG: | βisnet | ə̑net βis |
| 3SG: | βisneže | ə̑než βis |
| 1PL: | βisnena | ə̑nena βis |
| 2PL: | βisneda | ə̑neda βis |
| 3PL: | βisnešt | ə̑nešt βis |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βis ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βis ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βisneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βis ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βis ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βis ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βis ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βisnet ulmaš | ə̑net βis ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βisneže ulmaš | ə̑než βis ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βisneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βis ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βis ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βisaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βisman |
| Active participle: | βisše |
| Passive participle: | βisme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βisšaš |
| Negative participle: | βisdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βisə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βisde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βismek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βismeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βisšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βismaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βisdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||